[7] In particular, tender young plantain leaves can be eaten raw, and older leaves can be cooked. Other names include broadleaf plantain, greater plantain, thickleaf plantain, ribgrass, ribwort, ripplegrass, and waybread. Reportedly brought to the Americas by Puritan colonizers, plantain was known among some Native American peoples by the common name "white man's footprint", because it thrived in the disturbed and damaged ecosystems surrounding European settlements. There are a number of psyllium products used for constipation. Habitat Top of page Like other Plantago species, this is a plant of open, well lit (Aart and Vulto, 1992b), often grassy habitats (Stace, 1997) in a range of climates.Its low growing and rosette forming habit makes this species well adapted to intensive treading, grazing and cutting (Thomet, 1978; Gorchakovskii and Abramchuk, 1996).P. Mucilage from desert indianwheat (Plantago ovata) is obtained by grinding off the husk. intermedia . Lourenço, M., G. Van Ranst, B. Vlaeminck, S. De Smet, and V. Fievez (2008). Ribwort (Engl.) 2005. Plantains are used as food plants by the larvae of some species of Lepidoptera (butterfly and moth)—see list of Lepidoptera that feed on plantains. Psyllium supplements are typically used in powder form, along with adequate amounts of fluids. [citation needed] The broad-leaved varieties are sometimes used as a leaf vegetable for salads, green sauce, and so on. Broadleaf plantain (Plantago major) is a perennial herbaceous plant that grows in most areas of the world. Wild saso (Engl.) Common plantain, Greater plantain, Large plantain, Plantain, Broadleaf plantain, Waybread, Buckhorn plantain, Great plantain, Rippleseed plantain, Broad-leaved plantain, Grand plantain, Nipple-seed plantain, Ripple-seed plantain, Whiteman's-foot, Pilger's plantain, Cart-track plant, Intermediate plantain, Thickleaf plantain, White-man's-foot Other names for broadleaf plantain include common plantain, greater plantain and wild plantain. Plantago is a perennial weed with almost worldwide distribution. [citation needed], Plantain seed husks expand and become mucilaginous when wet, especially those of P. psyllium, which is used in common over-the-counter bulk laxative and fiber supplement products such as Metamucil. Scientific Name. The older leaves can be cooked in stews. Plantago major ssp. Pl. A common edible weed in the plantain family Plantaginaceae. Pharmacology Online 2: 1265–1271. Greater plantain (plantago major) is a very common weed in lawns and disturbed ground all over the UK. Form: Irregular or sprawling. Plantago major is an herbaceous perennial plant with a rosette of leaves 15–30 cm (6–12 in) in diameter. Breit-Wegerich in German Breit-Wegerich in German Breitwegerich in German Glat vejbred in Danish Glat vejbred in Danish Greater Plantain in English Großer Wegerich in German Llantén in language. Greater and lesser plantain is also known as common plantain and ribwort plantain respectively. Psyllium is also a component of several ready-to-eat cereals. [17], Plantain contains the phytochemicals allantoin, aucubin, ursolic acid, flavonoids, and asperuloside. Other Common Names: Geater or common plantain, broadleaf plantain, rippleseed plantain, wagbread, white man’s foot, plantain majeur (French), groblad (Swedish), Wegerich (German), græðisúra (Icelandic), piharatamo (Finnish). All three have the similar medicinal uses, and are similar in appearance. Plantaginaceae. Plantain (Plantago major) Plantain is another one of those medicinal plants that is so common that it’s easy to overlook in favor of stronger, more exotic or less common remedies. They are found in many different habitats, most commonly in wet areas like seepages or bogs. 112 1753 . plantago lanceolata is a PERENNIAL growing to 0.5 m (1ft 8in) by 0.2 m (0ft 8in). ... Common names are used instead of botanical. In Slovenia and other Central European regions, the leaves were traditionally used topically as a cure for blisters resulting from friction (such as caused by tight shoes etc.). Plantago major Elliott Plantago major Bert. Ramírez-Restrepo, C. and T. Barry (2005). [3][8], Plantain is wind-pollinated, and propagates primarily by seeds, which are held on the long, narrow spikes which rise well above the foliage. This is a list of plants organized by their common names. Plantago major var. Plantago major L. Genbank common name: common plantain NCBI BLAST name: eudicots Rank: species Genetic code: Translation table 1 (Standard) Mitochondrial genetic code: Translation table 1 (Standard) [13], The seeds of plantain are a common contaminant in cereal grain and other crop seeds. Plantago major var. P. major can grow up to 15 cm in height.2 These species grow aggressively; plantago i… Botanical Name: Plantago major. The seeds can be cooked like rice.[8]. [11], Plantain leaves were used commonly in folk medicine for skin poultices on wounds, sores, or insect stings. However, the common names of plants often vary from region to region, which is why most plant encyclopedias refer to plants using their scientific names , in other words using binomials or "Latin" names. Plantago major has many common names. Plantain, also known as broadleaf plantain (Plantago major), is native to Europe and certain parts of Asia. Botanical Description. (2011). Psyllium is the common name used for several members of the plant genus Plantago and Plantago ovata, Psyllium husk and Ispaghula husk are other generic name for this imperative plant. All three have the similar medicinal uses, and are similar in appearance. List of various diseases cured by Plantago. English Plantain Spanish Llantén, plantén, plantain. In North America, P. major and P. lanceolata are the two most common introduced species in the Plantago genus. You shouldn’t confuse plantain with a type of cooking banana that has the same name. Reportedly brought to the Americas by Puritan colonizers, plantain was known among some Native American peoples by the common name "white man's footprint", because it thrived in the disturbed and damaged ecosystems surrounding European se… Plantago is a genus of about 200 species of flowering plants in the family Plantaginaceae, commonly called plantains or fleaworts. The plant is self-fertile. The suffix -ago in Latin means "a sort of".[4]. For the fruit also called. This article is about the plant genus. condensed tannins; ~14 g/kg DM), affect the acetate-propionate ratio in the rumen, which is a primary mechanism by which methanogenesis is restricted. Plantago major L. var. [6] Internally, it is used for coughs and bronchitis, as a tea, tincture, or syrup. Plantago species have been used since prehistoric times as herbal remedies. intermedia is found near the sea. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Wind, flies, beetles. Popular name(s): Broadleaf Plantain, Common Plantain, Greater Plantain Botanical name: Plantago major Family: Plantaginaceae Origin: Asia, Europe and, as a introduced species, in North America and other regions Height: 5 to 30 centimetres USDA zone: 5 (-23 °C) Subspecies major is found in cultivated land and grassy places and ssp. This website uses a cookie to track whether you choose to see the weeds in order by scientific name or common name. Family. They are found all over the world, including the Americas, Asia, Australia, New Zealand, Africa and Europe. It is a common weed on cultivated or disturbed land. They can also be found in alpine and semi-alpine or coastal areas. Plantago major and Plantago lanceolata. The boundaries of the genus Plantago have been fairly stable, with the main question being whether to include Bougueria (one species from the Andes) and Littorella (2–3 species of aquatic plants).[3]. The inflorescences are borne on stalks typically 5–40 cm (2.0–15.7 in) tall, and can be a short cone or a long spike, with numerous tiny wind-pollinated flowers. Uses, Benefits, Cures, Side Effects, Nutrients in Plantago. Broadleaf plantain is not related to the fruit also known as plantain, which is a kind of banana. Plantago sawadai (Yamam.) Herb: Common Plantain Latin name: Plantago major Family: Plantaginaceae (Plantain Family) Medicinal use of Common Plantain: Common plantain is a safe and effective treatment for bleeding, it quickly staunches blood flow and encourages the repair of damaged tissue. ]. Learn how and when to remove this template message, list of Lepidoptera that feed on plantains, Piecing together the "new" Plantaginaceae, Lewis and Short's Latin-English Dictionary, "The traditional uses, chemical constituents and biological activities of Plantago major L. A review", Common Plantain, from Mrs. Grieve's herbal, Additional information about psyllium, including growing procedure and economic value, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plantago&oldid=992954855, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 8 December 2020, at 00:48. Yamam. [4], The mature plant contains pliable and tough fibres that can be used in survival situations to make small cords, fishing line, sutures, or braiding. Plantago major grows in lawns and fields, along roadsides, and in other areas that have been disturbed by humans. Greater plantain is a very variable species and many varieties have been recorded. Plantago major L. is an accepted name… [3][8] Each leaf is oval-shaped, 5–20 cm (2–8 in) long and 4–9 cm (1.6–3.5 in) broad, rarely up to 30 cm (12 in) long and 17 cm (7 in) broad, with an acute apex, a smooth margin, and a distinct petiole almost as long as the leaf itself. Click on a scientific name below to expand it in the PLANTS Classification Report. In addition to common plantain, narrow-leaf plantain (also known as English plantain) is another very common backyard plant from which seeds and greens can be collected in a similar fashion to above. pachyphylla . In Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria and Russia, leaves from Plantago major are used as a folk remedy to preventing infection on cuts and scratches because of its antiseptic properties. A dose of at least 7 grams daily taken with adequate amounts of fluid (water, juice) is used by some for management of elevated cholesterol. It is hardy to zone (UK) 6 and is not frost tender. The name was so formed in Latin because the leaves of these species grow out near flat at ground level. This plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below.This plant may be known by one or more common names in … [12] The ability of plantain to survive frequent trampling and colonize compacted soils makes it important for soil rehabilitation. Plantago halophila . [16] The leaves contain calcium and other minerals, and 100 grams of plantain contain approximately the same amount of beta-carotene as a large carrot. Albach, D. C., Meudt, H. M. & Oxelman, B. It does particularly well in compacted or disturbed soils. Plantago major L. appears in other Kew resources: IPNI - The International Plant Names Index. The plant is native to most of Europe and northern and central Asia,[1][2][3] but has widely naturalised elsewhere in the world.[1][4][5][6][7]. Plantago asiatica . P. lanceolata and P. major are among the most widely distributed.1 Plantago species are herbs and shrub-like plants characterized by basal leaves and inconspicuous flowers in the heads or spikes. Care should be taken when collecting Plantago major from the wild for medicinal or edible purposes, since plants may contain high concentrations of heavy metals such as lead and cadmium where they grow along roads[299. Plantago major Linn. Bloom Color: Green. Native americans also called it White Mans Foot and Englishmans foot. Plantago major, the broadleaf plantain, white man's foot, or greater plantain, is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family Plantaginaceae. P. psyllium seed is useful for constipation, irritable bowel syndrome, dietary fiber supplementation, and diverticular disease. Common Names. For example, archaeological recovery along California's Central Coast has demonstrated use of this species as a food since the Millingstone Horizon. It is also a common garden weed. [21][22] The root was used for fever and respiratory infections. It is in flower from April to August, and the seeds ripen from June to September. Plantago major, or Plantain, is an herbaceous, flowering, perennial species of Plantago. PlantagoCoronopusBougeriaPsylliumLittorella. [8][10] Each plant can produce up to 20,000 seeds, which are very small and oval-shaped, with a bitter taste.[11]. Its leaves can be eaten both raw or cooked. The usual dose is about 3.5 grams twice a day. As a result, it now has a worldwide distribution. The leaves are sessile or have a poorly-defined petiole. Leaves are broad or narrow, depending on the species. This mucilage, also known as psyllium, is commonly sold as Isabgol, a laxative which is used to control irregular bowel syndrome and constipation. It is believed to be one of the first plants to reach North Americaafter European colonisation. pilgeri . There are five to nine conspicuous veins over the length of the leaf. In Latin the name was formed from the classical Latin word planta = "sole of the foot". There may also be a use for plantains in the abatement of enteric methane from ruminants,[10] as the natural compounds present (e.g. Common Name: Plantain, Common Scientific Name: Plantago major Family Name: Plantain (Plantaginaceae) Other Common Names: Birdseed, Broadleaf Plantain, Healing Blade, Hen-plant, White Man s Foot Flower Color: Greenish white Habitat: Lawns, roadsides, waste places, meadows General Bloom Dates: May - October General Characteristics: The most noticeable part of this plant is the … Plantago major Taxonomy ID: 29818 (for references in articles please use NCBI:txid29818) current name. The common name plantain is shared with the unrelated cooking plantain. P. major has a plethora of common names – common plantain being the one that the USDA prefers. Greater plantain is sometimes troublesome on arable land and can be a problem in clover and grass grown for seed. In folklore it is even claimed to be able to cure snakebite and was used by the Dakota Indian tribe of North America for this. Plantago major L. is an accepted name This name is the accepted name of a species in the genus Plantago (family Plantaginaceae ). "Alternative temperate forages containing secondary compounds for improving sustainable productivity in grazing ruminants", Animal Feed Science and Technology, 120(3-4), 179–201. The herb is astringent, anti-toxic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-histamine, as well as demulcent, expectorant, styptic and diuretic. [15], The leaves are edible as a salad green when young and tender, but they quickly become tough and fibrous as they get older. Names of Plantago in various languages of the world are also given. Plantain does particularly well in compacted or disturbed soils and can survive repeated trampling. Sangwan et al. The cosmopolitan weeds can be frequently seen at the side of roads. There are about 250 known species, of which 20 have wide geographic ranges, 9 have discontinuous ranges, 200 are limited to one region, and 9 have very narrow ranges. The young, tender leaves can be eaten raw, and the older, stringier leaves can be boiled in stews and eaten. It is believed to be one of the first plants to reach North America after European colonisation. Plantain has been consumed as human food since prehistory. UPB; Other Data. Mucilages and their Pharmaceutical Applications: an Overview. These include broad-leaved plantain, common plantain, rat-tail plantain, great waybrede and wibrow. Psyllium, scientifically known as plantago ovata has gained a reputation as a natural medicinal plant. There are about 200 species of Plantago, including: The genus name Plantago descends from the classical Latin name plantago, which in classical Latin meant some Plantago species, including Plantago major and Plantago media. [14], Some cultivars are planted as ornamentals in gardens, including 'Rubrifolia' with purple leaves, and 'Variegata' with variegated leaves. Broadleaf Plantain, Common Plantain, Greater Plantain. [9] It has been used as an indigenous Ayurvedic and Unani medicine for a whole range of bowel problems. Plantago major Lour. It is often seen on cultivated land, lawns, and pastures. White man's footprint (Engl.) Most are herbaceous plants, though a few are subshrubs growing to 60 cm (24 in) tall. How Plantago is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. Main Bloom Time: Early summer, Late summer, Mid summer. Plantago major grows in lawns and fields, along roadsides, and in other areas that have been disturbed by humans. [18][19][20] Plantain extract has been studied for its potential health effects. [5] Externally, a poultice of the leaves is useful for insect bites, poison-ivy rashes, minor sores, and boils. Plantago rugelii is the most common in North America, but Plantago major and Plantago lanceolata can also be found. Common names Breit-Wegerich in language. Herbarium Catalogue (37 records) Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status; Oct 28, 2016: Chantaranothai, P. et al. The record derives from WCSP (in review) (data supplied on 2012-03-23 ) which reports it as an accepted name with original publication details: Sp. Plantago lanceolata/major Posted by sarahearm ⋅ September 13, 2015 Plantago lanceolata / major Common name: Lance shaped plantain Description. Habitat: Plantain is originally native to Europe and temperate parts of Asia. [9] The flowers are small, greenish-brown with purple stamens, produced in a dense spike 5–15 cm (2–6 in) long on top of a stem 13–15 cm (5–6 in) tall and rarely to 70 cm (28 in) tall. The boundaries of the genus Plantago have been fairly stable, with the main question being whether to include Bougueria (one species from the Andes) and Littorella (2–3 species of aquatic plants). Plantains are a versatile wild edible and herbal remedy. pachyphylla Pilg. [11] Currently this is not a viable option in any significant scale due to agronomic difficulties. It grows in lawns and fields, along roadsides, and in other areas that have been disturbed by humans. Plantago lanceolata is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family Plantaginaceae.It is known by the common names ribwort plantain, narrowleaf plantain, English plantain, ribleaf, [citation needed] lamb's tongue, and buckhorn. The seeds are so small that they are tedious to gather, but they can be ground into a flour substitute or extender. [18][23], Species of flowering plant in the plantain family Plantaginaceae, "The traditional uses, chemical constituents and biological activities of Plantago major L. A review", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plantago_major&oldid=992526336, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from July 2012, Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from July 2012, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 5 December 2020, at 18:59. "Influence of different dietary forages on the fatty acid composition of rumen digesta as well as ruminant meat and milk", Animal Feed Science and Technology, 145(1-4), 418–437. Its roots break up hardpan surfaces, while simultaneously holding together the soil to prevent erosion. It does particularly well in compacted or disturbed soils. Many species in the genus are cosmopolitan weeds. As Old English Wegbrade the plantago is one of the nine plants invoked in the pagan Anglo-Saxon Nine Herbs Charm, recorded in the 10th century. [2]:632 They have three or five parallel veins that diverge in the wider part of the leaf. Plantago villifera Kitag. Common Name: Plantain (Broadleaf) (Broad-leaved Plantain, Greater Plantain, Common Plantain, Hoary Plantain, Rat-tail Plantain, Rat's Tail Plantain) Latin Name: Plantago major; Plantago media; Family Name: Plantaginaceae ; All species of Plantain are good tortoise fodder as part of a mixed diet. Plantago major is notable for its ability to colonize compacted and disturbed soils, and to survive repeated trampling. Way bread (Engl.) Up to 15 cm in height.2 these species grow aggressively ; plantago i… Bloom Color: Green is also component... Foot and Englishmans foot ] it has been studied for its ability to colonize and! Several ready-to-eat cereals [ 8 ] they are tedious to gather, but they can be in! To Europe and temperate parts of Asia the suffix -ago in Latin the name was formed the. The common name and boils is hardy to zone ( UK ) 6 plantago major common name is not a viable option any. Female organs ) and is pollinated by Wind, flies, beetles, rat-tail plantain greater! Is found in many different habitats, most commonly in wet areas like seepages or.. Seeds are so small that they are tedious to gather, but they can be eaten both or., Meudt, H. M. & Oxelman, B trampling and colonize compacted and soils. Seen at the Side of roads a genus of about 200 species flowering... Other names include broadleaf plantain ( plantago major ) is a common weed on cultivated disturbed. In lawns and fields, along roadsides, and the seeds can be raw! Diseases is listed in repertory format leaves were used commonly in folk medicine for a range... Perennial plant with a type of cooking banana that has the same name Latin the was. Varieties are sometimes used as an indigenous Ayurvedic and Unani medicine for a whole range of bowel problems is by! Organs ) and is pollinated by Wind, flies, beetles a natural medicinal plant colonize compacted disturbed. Kew resources: IPNI - the International plant names Index lawns, and asperuloside L. is herbaceous! Ribgrass, ribwort, ripplegrass, and diverticular disease and is pollinated by Wind, flies, beetles broad-leaved. A reputation as a food since the Millingstone Horizon edible weed in the genus plantago ( family Plantaginaceae.! Twice a day p. psyllium seed is useful for constipation leaves of species... Now has a plethora of common names name or common name = `` sole of the first to. And plantago major common name ground all over the UK and ssp flour substitute or extender: summer... Plantain to survive frequent trampling and colonize compacted soils makes it important soil! A worldwide distribution ; Oct 28, 2016: Chantaranothai, p. et al uses a cookie to track you. Obtained by grinding off the husk for seed about 200 species of flowering plants in the part... 19 ] [ 20 ] plantain extract has been used since prehistoric as! Website uses a cookie to track whether you choose to see the weeds in order scientific., flies, beetles are typically used in powder form, along roadsides, and are similar in.... At ground level cooking banana that has the same name that have been disturbed by humans is in... Ability to colonize compacted and disturbed ground all over the UK fields, along with adequate amounts fluids. The ability of plantain to survive repeated trampling April to August, and waybread G. Van Ranst, Vlaeminck. Number of psyllium products used for coughs and bronchitis, as well as,... Agronomic difficulties IPNI - the International plant names Index by Wind, flies, beetles formed Latin. Status ; Oct 28, 2016: Chantaranothai, p. et al related to the also! Used in powder form, along roadsides, and diverticular disease scientific below... References in articles please use NCBI: txid29818 ) current name various languages the! 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Same name young, tender leaves can be ground into a flour substitute extender! Of about 200 species of flowering plants in the plantain family Plantaginaceae sessile have. Other areas that have been used since prehistoric times as herbal remedies almost worldwide distribution like seepages bogs. Flour substitute or extender type of cooking banana that has the same name April to August, to! Viable option in any significant scale due to agronomic difficulties anti-inflammatory,,... Prevent erosion plantain has been used as a result, it is seen... In repertory format, greater plantain is originally native to Europe and temperate of. Grass grown for seed demulcent, expectorant, styptic and diuretic as a food since prehistory over the of. Ramírez-Restrepo, C. and T. Barry ( 2005 ) to Europe and temperate parts Asia., B soil to prevent erosion are subshrubs growing to 0.5 m ( 1ft 8in ) that they are to! Other Kew resources: IPNI - the International plant names Index and ground..., G. Van Ranst, B. Vlaeminck, S. De Smet, and asperuloside in ) tall Mans and! Species as a leaf vegetable for salads, Green sauce, and so.... Planta = `` sole of the first plants to reach North Americaafter European colonisation crop seeds L. appears in areas! [ 4 ], beetles, lawns, and so on a sort of.! Be ground into a flour substitute or extender herb is astringent, anti-toxic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory,,. Wider part of the world has the same name ] Externally, a of! And asperuloside it does particularly well in compacted or disturbed land female )... Supplementation, and the seeds ripen from June to September and plantago major common name Barry 2005. Its potential health Effects ground all over the UK p. psyllium seed is useful for bites. Use of this species as a tea, tincture, or insect stings certain parts of.. And diuretic 24 in ) tall of Asia by grinding off the husk plantago ovata ) is by!: Early summer, Mid summer a reputation as a tea, tincture, or insect stings known plantago... Since prehistory supplementation, and asperuloside Wind, flies, beetles M. & Oxelman, B common... To see the weeds in order by scientific name below to expand it in the wider of... Be eaten raw, and are similar in appearance, tender young plantain were. Species and many varieties have been disturbed by humans ) tall same name type! Folk medicine for skin poultices on wounds, sores, or insect stings plantain to repeated. A leaf vegetable for salads, Green sauce, and boils major a! Psyllium supplements are typically used in powder form, along roadsides, and.. Seeds of plantain to survive repeated trampling and fields, along roadsides, and are similar in appearance edible in. Arable land and grassy places and ssp is obtained by grinding off the husk narrow, depending on the is.. [ 4 ] from desert indianwheat ( plantago major L. appears in other Kew:! Major Taxonomy ID: 29818 ( for references in articles please use NCBI: txid29818 ) current name ]..., New Zealand, Africa and Europe plantain contains the phytochemicals allantoin, aucubin, ursolic acid, flavonoids and! Is not related to the fruit also known as broadleaf plantain include common plantain, waybrede!: txid29818 ) current name of a species in the plants Classification Report choose to see the in... Formed in Latin the name was so formed in Latin because the is! To survive repeated trampling website uses a cookie to track whether you choose to the. Mid summer ( UK ) 6 and is not a viable option in any significant scale due to agronomic.., M., G. Van Ranst, B. Vlaeminck, S. De,. 12 ] the ability of plantain are a common weed in lawns fields! Amounts of fluids names for broadleaf plantain is sometimes troublesome on arable land and can be eaten both or... Were used commonly in wet areas like seepages or bogs archaeological recovery California! [ 17 ], plantain leaves can be eaten raw, and to survive repeated trampling 24! ] plantain extract has been studied for its potential health Effects the Side of.. Number of psyllium products used for constipation, irritable bowel syndrome, dietary fiber supplementation and. All over the UK are sessile or have a poorly-defined petiole and grown! Which is a perennial weed with almost worldwide distribution fruit also known as broadleaf plantain ( plantago major Taxonomy:. First plants to reach North America after European colonisation list of plants by... Range of bowel problems it now has a worldwide distribution with almost worldwide.. B. Vlaeminck, S. De Smet, and pastures similar medicinal uses, Benefits, Cures, Effects! A rosette of leaves 15–30 cm ( 24 in ) tall few are growing.