Once separated from the false narrations and knowing that the Prophet (ﷺ) had been told that Zaid and Zainab would divorce and that he would then marry Zainab the report of Qatada simply means that while he did not want to ask Zaid to divorce or to even share with him what he knew was destined even as Zaid came to him for consultation on the issue. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, ‘Hold on to your wife, and fear Allah.’ Zaid, however, eventually divorced her. Messenger of God, perhaps Zaynab has excited your admiration, and so I will separate myself from her.” The Messenger of God said, “Keep your wife to yourself.” Zayd could find no possible way to [approach] her after that day. Jamal al-Din al-Zaili’i (d. 762/1360), a prominent medieval authority on hadith, observed: وكم من حديث كثرت رواته وتعددت طرقه ، وهو حديث ضعيف؟ … بل قد لا يزيد الحديث كثرة الطرق إلا ضعفاً, How many hadith reports are weak even though reported by a large number of narrators and through multiple links? The numerous chains of reporters through which the story has been related are all signally weak not only due to the duo of disconnection and involvement of unreliable or unknown narrators they also reflect clear signs of fabrication by the way of unscrupulous development over time. The Quran calls them "Mothers of the Faithful" (Quran 33:6). She had previously been married to Muhammad's adopted son Zayd ibn Harithah [29] Musa b. Ya’qub himself has been criticized for poor memory. Thanks . His reports, therefore, are not relied upon unless corroborated. Likewise, Zainab was Prophet Muhammad’s cousin and he had ample opportunity to marry her before her marriage to Zaid was even a nascent possibility. Why? Why was the Prophet ﷺ commanded to do so? Zaniab divorced Zaid because the marriage was not working out, and Prophet Muhammad offered to marry her. Undoubtedly this hesitation and partiality were alien to the character of the Prophet [pbuh] . Zainab bint Jahsh died when she was 53 years old. Anas’s (d. 92/712) report mentions Zaid complaining about behaviour of Zainab and his will to divorce her. Come in, you who are as dear to me as my father and mother!” The Messenger of God refused to enter. This marriage served more than one purpose. After some time, Zaid ra gave a divorce. The prophet was struck by her beauty and immediately left saying something to the effect that God changes the hearts of people. Accordingly we find ‘Abdul Malik. His report has come down us as follows. ‘Uyainah the report has been related by Ibn Abi Hatim as well, see Ibn Abi Hatim, Tafsir al-Qur’an al-‘Azim, (Riyadh: Mustafa al-Baz, 11997 AH) Vol.9. Notice: It seems you have Javascript disabled in your Browser. In the end Zaid bin Harithah divorced Zainab bint Jahsy. Required fields are marked *. When the period of waiting of Zainab ra had elapsed, the Holy Prophet sa received revelation again with respect to her marriage, which instructed that the Holy Prophet sa should take her into a bond of matrimony himself. Late Pakistani scholar Mufti Muhammad Shafi’ in his commentary to the verse writes: As ordered by the Prophet (ﷺ), the marriage of Zainab bt. This is my father and this is my uncle.” The Prophet Muhammad said, “I am the person you know. The content also shows signs of incredulous story making. عن معمر , عن قتادة … قال قتادة: جاء زيد النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال: إن زينب اشتد علي لسانها , وأنا أريد أن أطلقها , قال له النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: {أمسك عليك زوجك واتق الله} [الأحزاب: 37] , والنبي يحب أن يطلقها ويخشى قالة الناس إن أمره أن يطلقها , فأنزل الله تعالى: {وتخفي في نفسك ما الله مبديه وتخشى الناس والله أحق أن تخشاه فلما قضى زيد منها وطرا} [الأحزاب: 37] قال قتادة: لما طلقها زيد {زوجناكها} [الأحزاب: 37], Ma‘mar – Qatada: … Qatada said: Zaid came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said:  Zainab’s has been tough on me with her tongue and I wish to divorce her. Zainab of Jahsh had a brother who died before her. Qur’an says ‘Ask People of the Book’: What and Why? Zaid is my son; I will be his heir and he shall be mine.” (W. Muir, The Life of Muhammad, ed. Glory be to God, who causes hearts to turn!’” So Zayd left, and, having come to the Messenger of God, he said: “Messenger of God, I have heard that you came to my house. Qur’an Preservation Efforts During the Prophet’s Lifetime. Glory be to God, who causes hearts to turn!” When Zayd came home, his wife told him that the Messenger of God had come to his house. It has three problems (a) Muhammad b. Yahya b. Habban died in 121/738-739 at the age of seventy-four which means he was born nearly half a century after the Prophet’s marriage with Zainab and over thirty years after the death of Zainab – last among the people in the story to die. After that happened, she was made unattractive to the other man. 121, [29] Al-Mizzi, Tahdhib al-Kamal, Vol.29, 172, [30] Al-‘Asqalani, Ibn Hajar, Taqrib al-Tahdhib, Editor Muhammad ‘Awwama (Damascus: Dar al-Rashid, 1986) 554, No. ‘Abdullah al-Hadrami – al-Hasan b. Zaynab was in her chamber, undressed, and admiration for her entered the heart of the Prophet. And if, after having put her away, he should return to her, let another marry her. He divorced Zainab and Allah declared in his Glorious Book that he has wedded her to the prophet after the proper waiting period was over. At first Rasulullab not pay attention to the order, and even asked Zaid defend his wife. al-Tabari vol.39 p.182. al-Tabari vol.39 p.180-182. He (PBUH) wanted them to marry because he loved them both dearly. Moreover, there are reports that the Prophet (ﷺ) had himself visited her and proposed Zaid for her as he pressed for their marriage. The texts reported through the above chains of reporters also differ too much to see them as mutually corroborating. It is thus clear that what the Prophet (ﷺ) hid was the fact that he had been told via revelation of breakup of Zaid and Zainab followed by his own marriage with Zainab. This man had a beautiful wife with whom Mohammed fell in love. He against complained to her. As to the reports authentically traceable back to Anas and Qatada they contain nothing that may coincide or confirm the narratives that suggest the Prophet (ﷺ) hid his instantaneously developed longing for Zainab. The Holy Prophet had, though, come to know through Divine revelation that things would transpire in a way that Zayd would divorce her after which she would be married to him … he stopped Zayd from giving a divorce … [because] crossing his blessed heart there was the thought: If Zayd were to give divorce and Zainab were to be married to him consequently, the Arabs would, very much in line with their custom of the Jahiliyyah, throw taunts on him that he had married the wife of his son …, What the Holy Prophet said was correct and sound in its place. Zainab was Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)'s cousin. Besides the fact that even this version has nothing to suggest as is alleged, there are a number of problems with it: (a) Mu‘mal b. Isma’il has been criticized for weak memory and his being prone to make mistakes. Perhaps you admire Zaynab, so I will divorce her." One day the Messenger of God went out looking for Zayd. So all what happened is that Prophet Muhammad married a divorcee. Al-Sha‘bi (b. Allâh had informed him thatshe was to be his wife, it is that the Prophet(P)forbade Zayd to divorce his wife because of the disharmony between Zayd and her while concealing in himself what Allâh had informed him about. Secondly, we now have Zaid who has no complaint with his wife and is simply looking to divorce her for the Prophet (ﷺ). 471, [35] Al-Barzinji, Muhammad b. Tahir & Hallaq, Subhi Hasan, Sahih wa Da‘if Tarikh al-Tabari, (Beirut: Dar Ibn Kathir, 2007) Vol.7, 143-144, [36] Yahya b. Salam, al-Tafsir, (Beirut: DKI, 2004) Vol.2, 721-722, [37] Al-Dhahabi, Siyar al-A‘lam al-Nubala, Vol.6, 248-249, [38] Maqatil b. Suleman, al-Tafsir, (Beirut: Dar ‘Ihya’ al-Turath, 1423 AH) Vol.3, 492-494, [39] Al-Dhahabi, Siyar al-A‘lam al-Nubala, Vol.7, 202, [40] Al-Tabari, Jami‘ al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Qur’an,  Vol.20, 274; al-Tabari, Tarikh al-Rusul wa al-Maluk, Vol. God ordered Muhammad to marry her.” For Zaid, Zainab was his family and life-partner. That was after she had finished her Iddat (i.e. The marriage of the Messenger of Allah with Zainab bint Jahsh and abolishing the custom of adoption Qatada’s narration has the least weakness in that it is, Abu Bakr b. Suleman b. Abi Hathma’s report besides being, Muhammad b. Yahya b. Habban’s report, besides being. His report, therefore, is mu‘dal (truncated). After divorced,Allah instructed Muhammah to take her as his wife,because Allah wanted to make a clear difference between the realtionship and … The other answered: You are an apostle. Therefore, the admonition was revealed in the words which mean, ‘you were concealing in your heart what Allah was going to reveal.’ When the information about his marriage with Zainab was conveyed to him from Allah and the intention of marriage had already crossed his heart, then, the act of hiding this intention and indulging in such formal remarks was not appropriate to his station. 3588, 4295, 4869; Ibn Majah, al-Sunan, (Beirut: al-Resalah Publishers, 2009) No. The multiplicity of links, therefore, only signifies compounded weakness. In fact with regards to the narrator after him, Musa b. Ya’qub, ‘Abdul Rahman b. al-Mahdi mentioned that he had unknown teachers (lahu masha’ikh majhulun). The content of his narration is also at variance with other reports. Myth #11: Muhammad Connived Zainab and Zaid To Divorce. His wife Zainab bt. "Mothers of … Zainab, the Divorced Wife of Zaid Zainab was the cousin of the Prophet, who was married to Zaid, an orphan slave whom the Prophet liberated and then adopted. Muhammad married Zainab Bint Jahsh who was his daughter-in-law. Shu’aib al-Arna’ut and his team have accordingly graded this report as da’if (weak). ‘Umar [al-Waqidi] – ‘Abdallah b. The marriage ended in a divorce because Zaid had been a slave and Zainab had been of a high rank. So, when Zaid finished his desire for her,’ Qatada explained: ‘When Zaid divorced her.’ We gave her into your marriage.’[13], This short chain is authentic. have two or more links missing.[16]. There might actually be two if not more links between Sha‘bi and the persons involved should the narrative be accepted. 775; al-Baghdadi, Ibn al-Najjar, al-Radd ‘ala Abi Bakr al-Khatib, included in ‘Ata, Mustafa ‘Abdul Qadir (Editor), Tarikh Baghdad wa Zuyuluhu, (Beirut: DKI, 1407 AH) Vol.22, 110; Ibn al-Jawzi, al-Du’afa wa al-Matrukin, (Beirut: DKI, 1406 AH) Vol.2, 12 No. Required fields are marked *. This establishes that the Prophet was admonished for his advice to Zaid, ‘Hold on to your wife’ while he knew that she would become his wife. Also there are clear interpolations like the mention of Zainab’s looks which amply suggest the careful making up of the story. ‘Amir a1-Aslami — Muhammad b. Yahya b. Habban, who said: The Messenger of God came to the house of Zayd b. Harithah. [37] This suggests Zaid divorced Zainab as he observed Prophet’s (ﷺ) feelings for her but outwardly mentioned her behaviour towards him as the reason. Mu‘mal b. Isma’il (d. 206/822) who has odd additions in his narration through the same isnad from Anas. [66], Adel Theodore Khoury mentions that the story was picked up by other Byzantine polemicists too. is forgiven. The bold "keep your wife and fear allahh" How did allahh call Zainab Muhammad's wife as Zaid was yet to divorce her. The opinion is attributed to al-Zuhri (d. 124/742) and Bakr b. Why did Prophet Muhammad marry his daughter-in-law? It was likewise reported from Isma‘il al-Suddi (d. When he was released from it, he smiled and said, “Who will go to Zaynab to tell her the good news, saying that God has married her to me?” …[33], The narrative weakness of this account is evident. from the generation that met and reported on the authority of the companions. And whereas Allah does not go against his promise, we do not see Allah revealing anything about the Prophet except his marriage with Zainab saying, ‘We gave her into your marriage’ Had the Messenger of Allah concealed his love for Zainab and desired for her divorce with Zaid, Allah would not have concealed after having promised to make known what was in his heart. They were almost all of them widows who were not remarkable for either their beauty or their wealth, but quite the reverse. This is not right. The Prophet proposed the marriage of Zainab with Zaid to her brother, but he refused to let his sister, a noble girl of Hashimite and Muhammad b. Yahya b. Habban’s (d. 121/738-739) alleged report wherein Zainab was not well dressed and seeing her the Prophet’s heart was moved. Muhammad's marriage to Zainab, who was the wife of his adopted son, led to many accusations against Muhammad. Moreover, he was unanimously considered a weak narrator.[41]. Many Muslims are not aware that all of this happened because of the issue with Zaid and Zainab. Maqatil, likewise, is undisputedly rejected. Alleged statement that Zaid first divorced his wife Zainab just so that Mohammed might marry her. Later on allah gave a revelation to muhamad that it is ok for him to marry his adopted son’s wife. Click here. Jahsh was sitting near his head to nurse him. When Zayd divorced her, her [sic] FEARED THAT PEOPLE WOULD SAY HE According to Yunus b. Theres no Lesson he was trying to teach or Divine plan behind it, just pure Adulterous Lust. 3) Please do not say in Islam, adopted son is not biological son and hence adopted son's wife can get married to adopted son's so called father. Zainab proudly reported this happening to her husband. Do as God has told you and take my wife.’ Rather to tell the story over from the beginning he said to him: ‘God has given me the command that you put away your wife.’ And he put her away. See, al-Turifi, ‘Abdul ‘Aziz, al-Taqrir fi Asanid al-Tafsir, (Riyadh: Dar al-Minhaj, 2011 ) 67-68, [47] Al-Tabari, Jami‘ al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Qur’an, Vol.20, 271-272; al-Tabarani, Mu’jam al-Kabir, Vol.24, 45 No. Likewise, Zainab was Prophet Muhammad’s cousin and he had ample opportunity to marry her before her marriage to Zaid was even a nascent possibility. Zainab of Jahsh had a brother who died before her. When Zayd came home, Zaynab told him what had happened. He is commonly regarded as the third person to have accepted Islam, after Muhammad's wife Khadija bint … Just as she left to do something, the Prophet (ﷺ) looked at her, lowered his head and said: Glory be to him who directs the hearts and eyes. Without giving any chain of authorities Maqatil b. Suleman mentions a long narrative about the proposal and marriage of Zaid with Zainab. When he first came back, his wife She went in and told her husband, “O Abu Al’As, didn’t you husband. But when the Holy Prophet deliberately forbade Zaid to divorce his wife so that he himself might be saved from what he feared would cause him defamation, Allah found this below the high position that He wanted His Prophet to enjoy, whereas Allah intended to effect a great reform through this marriage of the Prophet. The prophet was struck by her beauty and immediately left saying something to the effect that God changes the hearts of people. [71] Maqatil b. Suleman, also known for his interest in isra’iliyat made the same connection.[72]. Zainab was the wife of Zayd. The dissimulators said, "Muhammad prohibits the wives of the son while he himself marries the wife of his son Zaid." Muhammad b. al-Sa’ib al-Kalbi (d. 146/763) mentioned no authority for his account and he is himself among the rejected narrators. 119, 120, [71] Na‘na‘ah, Ramzi, Isra’iliyat fi Kutab al-Tafsir wa Athruha, (Damascus: Dar al-Qalam, 1970)  193, [72] Maqatil b. Suleman, al-Tafsir, Vol.3, 496, Published : May 1, 2018                 Last modified : September 8th, 2018, Your email address will not be published. Moreover, its form clearly suggests paraphrasing and interpolation by some narrator who mentioned the fact of Zainab and Prophet (ﷺ) being cousins and then guessed the feelings of the Prophet (ﷺ). 26 Vol.4, 266-267, [56] Al-Damishqi, Ibn Kathir, Tafsir al-Qur’an al-‘Azim, (Riyadh: Dar al-Taiba, 1999) Vol.6, 425, [57] , al-‘Asqalani, Ibn Hajar, Fath al-Bari, Vol.8, 523-524, [58] Al-Baqa‘i, Abu Bakr, Nazam al-Durar fi Tanasub al-Ayat wa al-Suwar, (Cairo: Dar al-Kitab al-Islami, n.d.) Vol.15, 358, [59] Al-Alusi, Shahab al-Din Mahmud, Ruh al-Ma’ani Tafsir al-Qur’an al-‘Azim wa Sab‘a al-Mathani , (Beirut: DKI, 1415 AH) Vol.11, 204, [60] Yahya b. Salam, al-Tafsir, Vol.2, 721, [61] Al-Wahidi, Abu al-Hasan, al-Wajiz fi Tafsir al-Kitab al-Aziz, (Damascus: Dar al-Qalam, 1415 AH) Vol.1, 866, [62] Al-Maharibi, Ibn ‘Atiya, al-Muharrar al-Wajiz fi Tafsir al-Kitab al-Aziz, (Beirut: DKI, 1422) Vol.4, 386, [63] Comments on Dr. Yasir Qadi’s treatment of the issue. ‘Abdul Malik. Allow me to divorce her for she is arrogant and hurts me with her words.’ The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to him, ‘Fear Allah and hold on to your wife.’ Zaid kept her for as long as Allah willed and then divorced her. Then he himself had arranged her marriage with Hadrat Zaid under his personal influence, although her whole family had opposed it. In the last narration Zainab had her head uncovered and here there is an undertone about something far more serious with regards to her dressing. At first, Zainab ra did not accept this match considering her family status to be greater, but ultimately, upon noticing the strong desire of the Holy Prophet sa, she agreed. In fact he hailed from family with Roman Christian roots. Allâh Himself had already ordained it, and so gave him no other alternative. narrator(s) being accused of lying, or graded weak by the agreement of critics, mere number does not suffice. Al-Haithami pointed out the weakness in it. The Reason Muhammad married his Adopted son’s Wife is simple its because he can. This explanation goes with the recited text of the Qur’an because Allah pronounced that he would make known what had been concealed. It is baseless to allege that his infatuation for Zainab somehow spontaneously emerged only after her marriage. Finances of the Prophet's Family, 2. I’m not the only believer; my mother She didn’t own anything of much value, so she took off … He is commonly regarded as the third person to have accepted Islam, after Muhammad's wife Khadija bint Khuwaylid, and Muhammad's cousin Ali ibn Abi Talib. Eight (8) other narrators relate the same report on the authority of Hammad b. Zaid without anything to this effect details of which have been mentioned above. Allah or Elohim Moreover, the report is Mursal as Ibn Zaid never met Muhammad. 2, 562-563; al-Hakim, al-Mustadrak, Vol.4, 25; translated in Fishbein, Michael, The History of al-Tabari – Volume VIII – The Victory of Islam, (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1997) 2-3, [34] Al-‘Asqalani, Ibn Hajar, Tahdhib al-Tahdhib, Vol.5, 275-276 No. Maqatil is known to have taken from Al-Kalbi and here he develops on his version mentioned above. In fact scholars say such ‘corroboration’ actually compounds the weakness. أرابك منها شيء! He was from the generation that succeeded the followers of the companions and died in the year 182/798. Having seen that the story developed over time from nothing objectionable reliably traceable even to the followers (tabi‘un) let alone the companions to it becoming gross by the end of second/eight century, we shall now seek to find its possible origins. All it says is that the Prophet (ﷺ) wished that Zaid divorced her on his own accord and that he may not have to tell him to do it. Use your head. Eventually Zaid could maintain his marriage no longer. Likewise, Zainab was Prophet Muhammad’s cousin and he had ample opportunity to marry her before her marriage to Zaid was even a nascent possibility. Subsequently, Abu al-Hasan al-Wahidi (d. 468/1076),[61] Ibn ‘Atiya (d. 542/1142),[62] adopted the same interpretation. This suggests Zaid divorced Zainab as he observed Prophet’s (ﷺ) feelings for her but outwardly mentioned her behaviour towards him as the reason. Aware that all of this happened because of the matter was that Zaid was left with no desire attached her! [ PBUH ] married her at the time he laid siege to Bani Quraiza any! Him died in 199/815 when he was obedient to Allah, who was the Prophet ( sa ) Ibn... Al-Irwa ’, no shortage of critics existed during his lifetime not only learn more at a ``,. 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